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Medicines Purchased Item Description Cost 15 lbs. pulverized Cort. Peru [Peruvian Bark or Cinchona] Quinine/fever reducer $30.00 1/2 lb. pulverized Jalap Laxative/purgative $ 0.67 1/2 lb. pulverized Rhubarb Laxative/purgative $ 1.00 4 oz. pulv. Ipecacuan Emetic/purgative $ 1.25 2 lb. pulv. Cream Tartar Purgative/diuretic $ 0.67 2 oz. Gum Camphor Stimulant/diaphoretic $ 0.40 1 lb. Gum Assafoetid[Assafoetic/Assafoedita] Purgative $ 1.00 1/2 lb. Gum Opii Turk. opt. Opium/pain killer $ 2.50 1/4 lb. Tragacanth Gum used to bind pills $ 0.37 6 lb. Sal Glauber Purgative $ 0.60 2 lb. Sal Nitri [saltpetre] Treatment for fevers/gonorrhea $ 0.67 2 lb. Copperas Metal used in making inks $ 0.10 6 oz. Sacchar. Saturn. opt.[Sugar of lead/lead acetate] Treatment for eye problems and gonorrhea $ 0.37 4 oz. Calomel [Mercurous chloride] Purgative/treatment for syphilis $ 0.75 1 oz. Tartar Emetic Emetic $ 0.10 4 oz. Vitriol Alb. [White Vitriol (Zinc Sulfate)] Treatment for eye problems $ 0.12 1/2 lb. Rad. Columbo [Root of columbo] Tonic for indigestion and diarrhea $ 1.00 1/4 lb Elix. Vitriol [Elixir of vitriol (ethylsulfuric acid)] Tonic for stomach problems $ 0.25 1/4 lb. Es. Menth. pip. [Essence of menthol or peppermint] Treatment for digestive problems $ 0.50 1/4 lb. Bals. Copaiboe [Balsam of Copaiba] Treatment for rheumatism and gonorrhea $ 0.37 1/4 lb. Bals Traumat [Compound tincture of Benzoin] Treatment for cuts and abrasions $ 0.50 2 oz. Magnesia Purgative $ 0.20 4 oz. Laudanum [Tincture of opium] Pain reliever $ 0.50 2 lb Ung. Basilic [Compound of pine resin, yellow wax, and lard] Ointment or salve $ 1.00 1 lb. Ung. Calimin Astringent $ 0.50 1 lb. Ung. Epispastric Blistering agent $ 1.00 1 lb. Ung. Mercuriale [Mercury]; diaphoretic Ointment or salve for treatment of syphilis and other venereal diseases $ 1.25 1 Emplast. Diach. S. [Diachylon simple] Plaster or salve made of the juices of several plants $ 0.50 50 doz. Bilious Pills to order of B. Rush [Combination of calomel (mercurous chloride) and jalap] Purgative/laxative $ 0.10 per dozen or $5 total 2 oz Nutmegs Flavoring for oral medicines $ 0.75 2 oz. Cloves Flavoring for oral medicines $ 0.31 4 oz. Cinnamon Flavoring for oral medicines $ 0.20 Medical Equipment Item Description Cost 1 Set Pocket Insts. small $9.50 1 Set Teeth Insts. small $2.25 1 Clyster Syringe Used for administering enemas $2.75 4 Syringes Used for treatment of gonorrhea $1.00 3 Best Lancets Used for bleeding or blood-letting $0.80 ea. or $2.40 total 1 Tourniquet For amputations $3.50 2 oz. Patent Lint Linen or fleece-like material for poultices and dressing wounds $0.25 6 Tin Canisters $0.25 each or $1.50 total 3 8 oz. Gd. Stopd. bottles $0.40 each or $1.20 total 5 4 oz. Tinctures bottles $1.85 6 4 oz. Salt Mo. $2.22 1 Walnut Chest $4.50 1 Pine Chest $1.20 1/4 lb. Indian Ink Black pigment in the form of sticks used for writing $1.50 2 oz. Gum Elastic Rubber from the buckhorn plant; bark has some medicinal qualities, however; not soluble in water, and may have been used to seal containers $0.37
The lists of medicines and medical equipment accurately reflect the state of the medical profession in the early nineteenth century. One third of the total cost of medicine was spent on fifteen pounds of Cinchona bark, containing quinine, an effective treatment for malaria, because many men had malaria. Another effective drug purchased was laudanum, a tincture of opium, used as a pain killer and sleeping aid, they also used this for other treatments. The rest of the items acquired deal with purging through vomiting . Lewis took 600 of “Rush’s pills” on the expedition as a means to generate a powerful and explosive purgative hopeing to cure what they had. Clover, nutmeg, and cinnamon were also purchased to add to the medicine in an attempt to conceal its foul taste.
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